Topic 4: Tools for identifying problems and developing solutions

At first, sight seems that this point is already covered in bloom’s taxonomy, nevertheless, those were the methodologies from a whole. then searching deep about the ways of learning, it also is remarkable the importance of the use of the tools at the moment of problem-solving. To cover this part, it will be presented some of the tools most used and helpful for a conscious understanding of the problems and their solutions.

Many of us have read or listened to Cause - Effect, this model is explained as “When you have a serious problem, it's important to explore all of the things that could cause it, before you start to think about a solution.” (Cause and effect diagram, University of Western Australia). This is substantial for problem solution owing to it must not do guesses regarding what is happening or will happen if you modify random data, that is not how things get fixed, problems must be analyzed before, looking for the root of all, after identifying the part of the solution will be easier also this saves time and inclusively, money in some cases.

Sometimes there are some problems that have many potential causes that develop on it, for this the tool known as Fishbone for problem-solving is especially good for finding them and give the selective solutions, then it can be adapted to a huge quantity of problems and of course, not only for studying, to do it: “The fishbone diagram resembles the skeleton of a fish. (…), the problem (effect) is written in a box on the far right of the diagram. A central line (spine) is next drawn to the left of the box in which the problem is recorded. Diagonal lines (fish bones) are then drawn coming off the central line (spine). These diagonal lines represent different groupings of causes of the problem.” (How to Diagnose Solutions to a Quality-of-Care Problem, Clin J Am Soc Nephrol, 2016).


Problem tree analysis is a graphical representation of a problem, its causes, and consequences. This analysis tool will help you quickly understand how different aspects of the problem contribute to the problem and how consequences can turn into bigger problems.

The tool most famous and used for students is mapping, for this one is convenient for finding the fundamental parts of a topic that has defined its limits to the research, with this tool can found the sequencing process, the relationships between the processes, how the processes work, uncovering potential problems. There are some considerable steps “One of the most crucial is for the quality improvement team to determine the scope and assumptions of the mapping exercise. (..) the process map is created, it should be validated, such that individuals familiar with the process review it for clarity and content. (…) modifications to the process, a map can be made accordingly after discussion.” (How to Diagnose Solutions to a Quality-of-Care Problem, Clin J Am Soc Nephrol, 2016).

And eventually, after all, over this information can be seen that there is a lot of tools available for problem-solving, then I will add that first is a good idea to identify the considerations of your problem, what are the reasons for it exist and then analyze what are your necessities for choosing the correct tool, so then you can take into account what each one steps require and adapt it for a just idea. also, most of the time they can be applied so that is a good advantage.


References

Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2016 May 6; 11(5): 901–907.

Published online 2016 Mar 25. doi: 10.2215/CJN.11481015

,. (NaN of NaN). Cause and effect diagram. Australia The University of Western Australia. Retrieved February 5, 2021 https://www.hr.uwa.edu.au/serviceculture/continuous-improvement-tools/cause-and-effect-diagram


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